Gabe´s Ways: The Joker

Introduction.

Through this research they are to break down the concepts, ideologies, issues and other information related to the enigmatic character "The Joker", which has been an iconic idol supervillains of comics, television series and movies for over 75 years.

Biographies.

Character Biography "Joker".

The Joker was born in the 40s, when Batman had achieved notoriety necessary to embody its own independent series. According to legend, the illustrator Jerry Robinson to the writers came up with the typical harlequin decks, called Joker Joker in Spanish and English. That design had some similarities with the actor Conrad Veidt, who played the protagonist of The Man Who Laughs, 1928 film based on the novel by Victor Hugo: L'homme qui rit. Bill Finger and Bob Kane spent the qualities, inspired by a letter to create a character whose letter is just the Joker.

In Batman # 1, 1940, the Joker appeared as a homicidal maniac who was killed by an agent of the police department of Gotham. However, the character proved so effective that resulted practice last minute changes to save. Since then the Joker is the only character able to anticipate the logic of the hero, often confusing and even beating him to predict its behavior. In a way, the Joker than Batman psychologically, precisely because it is not subject to the ethics and morality of that, being perfectly free in his malevolence.

Unfortunately, in those years he took effect Comics Code Authority, a series of regulations which set parameters for the violence of the stories, and the Joker went from being a psychopath to an egocentric maniac joker. Only in 1973 the Joker reappeared in its original nature, and not as a ridiculous buffoon, but as a master criminal whose only goal upset the faith of his archenemy, regained his old personality homicidal maniac and over the years has been turning darker to the point of being able to kill defenseless children, as described in the movie The Dark Knight, where all you're after (Alfred Pennyworth, 2008 Batman: The Dark Night) "watch the world burn.".

There are several explanations for the origin of the Joker. In Batman: The Killing Joke, 1988, that was a worker in a chemical plant named Jack Napier, who joins the mafia to support his pregnant wife. During an assault on the ground accidentally falls into a vat of toxic waste. And then emerges with white skin, green hair and an immovable smile. In other versions his wife is murdered young Jack to go to participate in the assault.

In Batman and Son (Batman and Son, 2006) - Batman has a son named Damian Wayne is also grandson of Ra's al Ghoul- the Joker shot in the face, but does not die. Instead, it lets the scars we all know, deepened by a series of plastic surgeries performed clandestinely by a veterinarian. In other editions it explains that these surgeries were actually carried out by a scientist named Dollmaker, who would remove the skin of the face with initiatory purposes.

-Wikipedia. (N.d.). Retrieved from es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joker#Habilidades.2C_capacidades_y_recursos
-Gotico, E. E. (2013). espejogotico.blogspot.com. Retrieved from http://elespejogotico.blogspot.com/2013/06/psicologia-de-el-joker-guason.html

Creators biography.

Biography of Jerry Robinson.

Jerry Robinson (Trenton, New Jersey, January 1, 1922 - New York, December 7, 2011) was an American cartoonist and illustrator of comics, known for his work for DC Comics in the line of Batman comics during the decade 1940. He was the creator of conceptual character supervillain The Joker. He also co-created Robin, along with Bob Kane and Bill Finger.
In 1940, Robinson created the concept of the Joker as arch villain of Batman, inspired by the Joker in the deck of playing cards English and then complete the idea with writer Bill Finger, who took photographs of Conrad Veidt in the film adaptation of "Man Who Laughs "(1928) for the artist Bob Kane finished outline the physical aspect of the character based on such pictures.
-Wikipedia. (N.d.). Retrieved from es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Robinson

Biography of Bill Finger.

Bill Finger (n February 8, 1914 -.. M January 18, 1974) was an American writer, famous for being the co-creator (never proven) Batman with Bob Kane. Years later, Kane acknowledged Finger as "a contributing force" in character creation and comics historian Ron Goulart has referred to Batman as the "creation of artist Bob Kane and writer Bill Finger." A press release from DC Comics in 2007 stated that, "Kane, along with Bill Finger, had just created Batman for DC Comics predecessor national".
Finger additionally helped create enemies of Batman as The Joker, The Penguin, Catwoman, Two-Face, Riddler, among others. He also wrote many of the original Green Lantern stories in the 1940s and would contribute to the development of numerous comic book series.
-Wikipedia. (N.d.). Retrieved from es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Finger

Biography of Bob Kane.

Bob Kane (born Robert Kahn, October 24, 1915 - 3 of November 1998) was an American cartoonist and comic book writer, legally considered the creator of the DC Comics superhero Batman. Years later, Kane recognized that Bill Finger, writer of his study, "contributed" in the creation of personaje.1 comics historian Ron Goulart concerns Encyclopedia Batman comic book saying it is "creation of artist Bob Kane and writer Bill Finger. " As in the market Batman # 1 (Spring 1940), which presents the archenemy of Batman: Joker.
-Wikipedia. (N.d.). Retrieved from es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kane
Character data.
The Joker has evolved since its creation although the dominant image is that of a schizophrenic but very intelligent psychopath, which also has a twisted, sadistic sense of humor. There is also another representation, which proved very popular in the 1940s, this is a thief-eccentric but harmless prankster. In Batman: The Animated Series blended these two aspects.
Their victims include men, women, children, and even his colleagues and friends, also have limits, for example in the graphic novel Joker, he killed more than 2,000 people in a single day. He has not been sentenced to the death penalty as it is seen by the law as mentally ill and instead of being killed is sent to Arkham Asylum.
Batman has had numerous opportunities to kill the Joker, but has not done so because it has a moral. Despite repeated attempts, the Joker has no intention of killing his nemesis, he says, if you do not have nothing to do in life. Moreover, in a clash with Jason Todd, Batman admits that often fantasizes about killing the Joker, but it will not have the pleasure because he knows no going back, resulting in a seemingly endless battle between these characters.
The Joker is recognized by many as the greatest enemy of Batman. Like other villains of the DC Universe, Joker does not kill instantly, but prefers to torture his victim. In a comic Detective Marciano used all their power to cure the twisted mind of the character, but results were temporary.
-Wikipedia. (N.d.). Retrieved from es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joker#Habilidades.2C_capacidades_y_recursos

Skills and capabilities.

Unlike other enemies of Batman, he does not have any superpower, but is described in many ways like a genius, getting to create diversity of artifacts that help you meet your goals. An own tool, which turns out to be quite popular, is "Laughing gas", which despite its name implies to make people laugh, it actually causes anaphylactic shock due to blocking channels calcium and potassium; Depending on the dose, the skin may change color and hair can turn green.
A "symbol" is to leave him to his victims an egocentric smile, in most comics is caused by laughing gas and rarely by a deadly poison that is in the prime of his suit. There are times when you want to present a more realistic version of the character and the smile is a scar made by a knife.
Joker uses all elements using a common clown, but he modified to transform into deadly weapons such as the aforementioned flower that he has in his suit. It also has a special gun that shoots a banner with the text BANG! or GOTCHA! (Fell! In Spanish). The weapons are more wildcards stand made of steel that holds up his sleeve; when throws his enemies, they could be seriously injured. Also use common weapons such as knives. Skills melee vary depending on the author or the environment; He is in good times and strong, while in others is fragile and easy to defeat; although generally they present him as someone who has no ability to fight.
-Wikipedia. (N.d.). Retrieved from es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joker#Habilidades.2C_capacidades_y_recursos

Clothing.

Joker clothing not as much as is the case with other enemies of Batman, usually wears a white suit with purple lines-shirt with an orange-yet this can be green, or also used a bow tie or color greenish blue. In the graphic novel The Dark Knight Returns Joker dress completely changes, wearing a very elegant white suit, a black shirt and tie. Her skin is white and his hair green as Alan Moore this is due to an accident he had in his youth.
-Wikipedia. (N.d.). Retrieved from es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joker#Habilidades.2C_capacidades_y_recursos

Character Analysis.

It has evolved over time, being represented in different ways in comics, movies, video games and television. In almost all versions it is well accepted by comic fans and professional critics. His way or thinking uncertain, since a day can be a "scared child" and one a murderer, the video game Batman: Arkham Asylum, Paul Dini attempts to explain this:
He is one of the smartest people in the world, but his mind is too unstable so sometimes must resort to change your personality.

In other versions take it as a bipolar person. In Batman: The Killing Joke madness due to his sudden "change of personality" means that when falling in acids and their skin is discolored is completely deranged, however, there are comics where they say it really is conscious everything he does, so you can not say what kind of disease as has originated.
In all instances he has a peculiar smile, which can vary, sometimes being his natural smile and elsewhere is due to a problem in his cheeks, and a smile from Glasgow (a type of torture used in the Christian Inquisition consisting of cheeks cut the victim and leave a permanent smile, held in Glasgow, Scotland).

It is the nemesis of Batman and his greatest enemy, since its first appearance have shown a constant war that seems endless: Batman never assassinate the Joker for not wanting to become a criminal and the Joker would have nothing more to do, since no He wanted to steal or deal with others. As stated before, their rivalry could be taken as yin and yang, his sadism leads to a desire to torture his victims before strangling her. He recognizes that a weakness of Batman is his compassion and that "if you want to live in a world of chaos [...] must learn to make chaos" also be "strives" to make the enemy feel the hatred and rancor and so can break the rules.

-Gotico, E. E. (2013). espejogotico.blogspot.com. Retrieved from http://elespejogotico.blogspot.com/2013/06/psicologia-de-el-joker-guason.html
-Suicidaltendencies666. (2009, January 1). Retrieved from Taringa: http://www.taringa.net/posts/info/2010763/The-Joker---El-Guason-historia-fotos-y-frases.html

Psychological analysis.

With the evolution of the universe of Batman, the Joker has basically had two distinct incarnations.

The original (and current) image, emblematic debtor's masterful portrait he did of Alan Moore and Brian Bolland in Batman: The Killing Joke (Batman: The Killing Joke) in the 80s, is a brilliant psychopath with sadistic tendencies and a strange sense of humor clearly pataphysical intentions, tormenting innocent people and like death for the simple pleasure of killing insane, hidden deep unresolved psychological problems after clown smile. It is the enlightened representation of chaos and crime as opposed to order and justice embodied Batman. However the overwhelming degree of parallels between Batman and the Joker casts doubt on the real differences between one and the other. In fact there is a version (alternative and not yet accepted) the end of the relationship between Batman and the Joker view the animated film "Batman Beyond: Return of the Joker", in which the Joker traps and captures Robin (Tim Drake ). Batgirl and Batman searched him to find (and the Joker). The villain had destroyed Robin's mind, making it a "mini-Joker" and Batman, with much anger, hits the Joker. Meanwhile, Batgirl fight with Harley and this apparently dies. Robin finally, with what little sanity he had left, pushes the Joker to a water tank, leaving you slip, causing a short circuit that causes an explosion that killed Joker. A second version of the movie Batman Beyond where the death of the Joker is different: it occurs when having to Batman expired offers Robin a gun to kill Batman, but Robin shoots straight to the heart of Joker, killing him.
In the comic Batman: Arkham Asylum Grant Morrison and Dave McKean, explains, to some extent, how the mind works Joker: It is beyond any psychiatric treatment. He is gifted with an enormous intellectual potential. Your brain receives too many impulses and can not stop receiving information. That is, it is all too aware of the world around him. This "super-consciousness" means that the only way to protect yourself is reinvented every day. So one day is a buffoon, another day a psychopath. His twisted sense of humor, his logic and his jokes oblique two-way complete mental picture that focuses exclusively on Batman. The joker, according to this work, believes that Batman is insane and should be with him in the Arkham psychiatric hospital. It is true that in many works has been speculated about the fine line not to cross Batman ceases and separates reason from madness.
The other representation of the Joker, which was popular in the 40-60 characterizes him as an eccentric petty thief, lacking in love and with a special appreciation for the gags and slapstick paraphernalia. It is undoubtedly a character in the style camp. Later he returned to be written as a violent and ruthless psychopath. It is the antithesis of Batman, as this is a correct dark character, serious and, the Joker is practically a clown murderer plunged into a mental crisis that threatens to destroy what is near him without much depth volitional.
The psychological key to understanding the Joker is in his grotesque and unmoving smile. In fact, his smile is also a wound, a scar, a disfigured reminder of their tragedy.

The most common version about this detail explains that the Joker's smile has nothing to do with his accident, but a self-inflicted wound, call Glasgow smile, a kind of torture quite used by the Inquisition, which was to cut the corner of his mouth in order to "mark" a permanent smile.

Now, why would anyone want to smile forever? Perhaps to conceal an equally disproportionate pain.

The best explanation for his personality is in the words of one character who really appreciated the Joker. His name is Harleen Quinzel, also called Harley Quinn (deformation of the word Harlequin), a schizophrenic and colorful psychiatrist who was aligned with our Villano in 1992 and who once explained to Batman what she saw behind that imperturbable smile :

-All Saw the Joker laughing but always saw him crying.
(Everyone else Sees the Joker laugh, but I have ever seen him cry).
(Quinzel, Harleen 1992).
-Suicidaltendencies666. (2009, January 1). Retrieved from Taringa: http://www.taringa.net/posts/info/2010763/The-Joker---El-Guason-historia-fotos-y-frases.html
-Gotico, E. E. (2013). espejogotico.blogspot.com. Retrieved from http://elespejogotico.blogspot.com/2013/06/psicologia-de-el-joker-guason.html

Possible mental illness.

- Excessive sensitivity to criticism of disapproval.
- Excessive worry about their physical appearance.
- Need to be focus of attention.
- Low frustration tolerance.
- Antisocial Personality Disorder or more commonly called psychopathic personality.

Character interpretations.

-Cesar Romero (1966-1968).

It seemed strange that a play devoted to Latin heartthrobs actor get into the skin of the Joker for the series of 60. But which Romero refused to shave his mustache and chose to cover it with coarse MakeUp laid the first foundations of the relationship love-hate relationship between The Joker and Batman. A tug of war that has remained intact over the years, even though the current version of the villain is much darker and sinister.
This personification was characterized as a hybrid between formality and joke.
-http://www.europapress.es/cultura/noticia-historia-joker-cesar-romero-jared-leto-20150303115922.html. (2015, March 4). Retrieved from europapress.es: http://www.europapress.es/cultura/noticia-historia-joker-cesar-romero-jared-leto-20150303115922.html

-Jack Nicholson (1989).

Jack Nicholson already had the smile and the intensity of the Joker when he was chosen by Tim Burton for his film Batman. In fact, producer Michael Uslan used an image of Nicholson in The Shining to design the legendary prince of crime. Nicholson's Joker was a bully who killed Bruce Wayne's parents when he was a child and was ten times more sadistic that played by Romero, becoming someone scary.

This version was very supported by the public, and that can be reflected in the more than US $ 411 million raised by the film, according to IMDB.

-http://www.europapress.es/cultura/noticia-historia-joker-cesar-romero-jared-leto-20150303115922.html. (2015, March 4). Retrieved from europapress.es: http://www.europapress.es/cultura/noticia-historia-joker-cesar-romero-jared-leto-20150303115922.html

-Mark Hamill (1992-1995).

Surprisingly, the man who played the Joker longer has never appeared on screen as such. This is Mark Hamill, known for giving life to Luke Skywalker, who explored the darker side voicing the villain in the animated series Batman: The Animated Series 1992-1994. It was so successful that he repeated as the voice of the villain in later series like Birds of Prey, films or video games until 2010, date in which officially announced he was giving voice to the character.

-Heath Ledger (2008).

Australian actor got into the skin of more methodical and manic big screen Joker in The Dark Knight (2008), which increased its murderous side with layers of makeup. Heath Ledger died of an overdose shortly before the official opening of the film, but left to remember the most realistic and scary version of Joker. Embodying his enormous work that for many is the best Joker story earned him a posthumous Oscar as best supporting actor.

It is considered the best interpretation of the character because:

- (The inspiration of Heath Ledger). To prepare for the role, Heath Ledger was held six weeks in a motel, with the intention to delve into the psychology of the character. There he tested all his gestures and distinctive features such as the uniqueness of his voice and his sadistic laugh.

Deliberately, the actor tried to bring the character to a completely different field of what had Jack Nicholson in Tim Burton's Batman (1989), until then the most emblematic characterization of the character.

For his appearance, he was inspired by Sid Vicious, legendary punk rock band the Sex Pistols England, while for his gestures and movements was inspired by Alex De Large, the character played by Malcolm McDowell in A Clockwork Orange (1971).

- (Do not look at their victims). I brought his interpretation of the character of sadism to the point that not even look at their victims at the time of killing them.

- (The realization of terrorist videos). Heath Ledger both empathize with the character that was playing and psychology, which also asked the film director, Christopher Nolan, to let him lead him videos terrorist threat to the Joker Batman.

Nolan agreed to take care of the first one (in which a fake Batman appears), but under his supervision. However, the video really liked and realized that Ledger did not need supervision, so the second -the one reporter read a statement Joker- was conducted entirely by Heath Ledger.

- (Improvisation). Many probably already know that the scene of applause at the news of the rise of Detective Gordon was improvised by Heath Ledger. It is a scene that was marked in fans and demonstrates the great understanding that the actor had character. This witty, ironic and hilarious reaction Joker has become one of the most emblematic and stands the most notorious personality traits, even when behind bars.

But it was not the only scene in which improvisation Ledger improved outcome. When leaving the hospital and the explosion is seen behind the interruption it was planned in the script, but not their actions. In addition, the distinctive gesture tongue protrusion is a characteristic of the actor, who moved to his character.

-(The makeup). Joker makeup was designed by self Heath Ledger, who argued that the character would also do it and apply it yourself. To do this he used clown makeup and other cosmetics she bought in a pharmacy.

It also found that the makeup should also cover their hands and arms as to apply it to himself, the character would dirty in the process.

Once the design was seen by the director and the production was approved, the team of makeup artists of the film were responsible to replicate for each day of shooting.

-(The realism). As if all this were not enough to demonstrate the seriousness and commitment with which Heath Ledger took this character and its interpretation, Christian Bale said in an interview that his cast mate asked him during the interrogation scene, in which Batman gives a beating to the Joker, and he really did stick as hard as you would Batman, provided to give greater realism to the scene.

-Lucas1817. (2014, August 26). http://www.taringa.net/posts/offtopic/18080989/Por-que-Heath-Ledger-es-considerado-el-mejor-Joker.html. Retrieved from Taringa: http://www.taringa.net/posts/offtopic/18080989/Por-que-Heath-Ledger-es-considerado-el-mejor-Joker.html

-Jared Leto (2016).

The next to step into the boots of the famous archenemy of Batman, if not you Monaghan ahead in Gotham, will Jared Leto in the film DC Comics and Warner Bros, Suicide Squad (Suicide Squad). Beside Leto, who plays the more "Shakespearean" Joker from the big screen, as the actor himself, will be Will Smith (Deadshot), Margot Robbie (Harley Quinn), Jai Courtney (Captain Boomerang), Cara Delevingne (Enchantress) Viola Davis (Amanda Waller), and Joel Kinnaman recently confirmed as Rick Flagg, replacing Tom Hardy.

Conclusion.

In conclusion, it can be seen that the character development "Joker" has constantly been evolving since its inception in 1940 until the coming days, a character who has gone from being a satirical combination of black humor and crime into a psychopathic murderer with schizophrenic and personality changes with a brilliant to give loose rein to his intellect malevolence trends.

Described as "Some people just want to see the world burn (the Joker)" (Alfred Pennyworth, 2008 Batman: The Dark Knight) or leaving us said that the sole objective of this character is to be an agent of chaos and identified as the counterpart of Batman, feel the obsession to make Batman kill him to prove his point that "in a world of chaos, we must know how chaos" (Joker, 2008, Batman: The Dark Knight).

Annexes.

Character phrases.

- "Use a knife because guns are too fast. Otherwise, you can not savor all the emotions. You really know the people in their final moments "(Joker, 2008, Batman: The Dark Knight)..

- "Kill you? I do not want to kill you ... you you complement me. "(Towards Batman when this question because you want to kill him). (Joker, 2008, Batman: The Dark Knight).

- "Madness, as you know, is like gravity. All that takes is a little push "(Joker, 2008, Batman: The Dark Knight)..

- (A Batman): "You do not kill me for some strange sense of justice ... And I will not kill you because ... you're really funny." (Joker, 2008, Batman: The Dark Knight).

- (A Batman): "I think you and I are destined to do this forever." (Joker, 2008, Batman: The Dark Knight).

- (Speaking with Harvey): "Do I really look like a man with a plan, Harvey? I have a plan. The mob has plans, the cops have plans. You know I am, Harvey? I am the dog chasing a car. I do not know what to do if I caught one. I just do things. I hate plans. Yours, of them, all. Maroni plans. Gordon has plans. Schemers trying to control their worlds. I am not so. I show them how pathetic their attempts to control things. So when I say that what happened to you and your girlfriend was not personal, you can be sure I'm telling the truth "(Joker, 2008, Batman: The Dark Knight)..

- "You look nervous. Is it the scars? Want to know how I got them? Come here! Look at me. I had a wife, beautiful; like you, who told me that I worried a lot, telling me I had to smile more, betting and got to play in shark-infested waters. And one day they cut his face. We had no money for surgeries. She could not stand it! I just wanted to see her smile. I wanted to tell you not care about the scars. So I stick a razor in my mouth and I did this. And you know what? She could not bear to see me! I let. Now I see the funny side. Now I'm always smiling "(Joker, 2008, Batman: The Dark Knight!).

- (While a knife inside Gamble's mouth): "You wanna know how I got these scars? My father was an alcoholic and a demon. One night he goes off crazier than usual, and Mommy grabbed a kitchen knife to defend herself. Well, Daddy does not like that very much. Not a bit. So, while I watched, he took the knife and laughed while slicing. And then he saw me and said, "Why so serious?" And as he walked towards me again asked: "Why so serious?" And putting the knife in my mouth said, "Let's put a smile on that face! (Joker, 2008, Batman: The Dark Knight) ".".

- "This town deserves a better class of criminal ... and I'm going to give." (Joker, 2008, Batman: The Dark Knight).

- "If I'm going to have a past it be multiple choice!" (Joker, 1999 No Man's Land).

- "I have seen genius in the area of this criminal enterprise ... The kidnapping of the mayor The paralysis of the city on numerous occasions Oh, and my glorious kidnapping of his daughter and Commissioner Slaughter, mutilation, torture and.... TERROR! I've done it all, LADY! YOU ARE LOOKING TO EINSTEIN CRIME! paste poison in the back of a stamp, ma'am? The night of amateur is in Dixie's. As simple as that. "(Joker, 1995 The Joker: Devils Advocate).

- (N.D.). Retrieved from Wikiquote: -https: //en.wikiquote.org/wiki/The_Joker

Gabe´s Ways

miércoles, 16 de diciembre de 2015

The Joker